The Art of the Fakeout: How Combat Design Tricks Our Brains

June 22, 2025

It wasn’t always this way. Decades ago, combat in video games was brute force, a test of reflexes. Now, we demand more, and the masters of combat design have responded with a subtle weapon: the fakeout.

The Illusion of Predictability

Human beings crave patterns. We see them everywhere, even where they don’t exist.

This inherent desire for predictability is both a strength and a weakness. Combat designers exploit this weakness masterfully through the strategic deployment of “fakeouts” - deliberate feints, delays, and misdirections that turn player expectations against them. The most satisfying combat isn’t about reacting; it’s about outthinking your opponent.

My Baptism by Bait: Dark Souls and the Delayed Attack

My first real taste of the combat fakeout wasn’t some grand, cinematic moment. It was brutal.

It was Dark Souls. Specifically, it was the Capra Demon in its tiny, claustrophobic arena. This thing utterly humiliated me. I was stuck in a simple pattern: roll, attack, roll, attack. The demon’s attack timing felt…off. Not unfair, but wrong.

I learned the hard way that every wind-up didn’t lead to an immediate strike. The Capra Demon’s delayed attacks were designed to punish those relying on assumptions. I began anticipating the delay, predicting its true strike point.

This forced a fundamental shift. I started watching, really watching. I was no longer reacting to the start of an animation but anticipating the end of it.

Deception is the Best Offense: How Fakeouts Work

A fakeout in combat design is more than just a delayed attack. It’s a deliberate subversion of player expectations. These are the broad categories:

Animation Cancels: Abruptly halting an attack animation mid-swing to feint or reposition.
Delayed Attacks: Holding an attack windup for a prolonged period, forcing players to commit too early.
Misdirection: Using visual or audio cues to suggest one action, then executing another.
Telegraphs: Intentionally over-telegraphing certain attacks to lull players into a false sense of security.
Pattern Breaks: Introducing variations in enemy attack patterns to prevent rote memorization.

The Devil’s in the Delay: Mastering the Art of Pausing

Delayed attacks are the cornerstone of combat trickery. Think about the boss fight in Sekiro against Genichiro Ashina.

His posture breaks are incredibly tight. He deliberately pauses his combo at unexpected moments, baiting players into counterattacks that are then punished by his subsequent strikes. This forces you to observe his rhythm, not impose yours upon him. The pitfall here is panic-rolling.

Too many players rely on that crutch, rolling at the first sign of aggression. But a well-designed delayed attack turns that panic into a death sentence.

Overcoming the Panic:

Practice deliberate observation: Focus on the completion of enemy animations, not their initiation.
Use defensive options intelligently: Blocking, parrying, and dodging each have specific timing windows. Learn them.
Punish with precision: Don’t greedily mash buttons after dodging. Wait for the opportune moment to strike.

The Siren Song of Telegraphing: Lulling Your Prey

Telegraphing, when used cleverly, isn’t about making combat easier; it’s about creating a false sense of security. Think of an enemy with a slow, heavily telegraphed attack.

The natural instinct is to dodge early, but the design could have a feint incorporated. Perhaps the telegraphed attack has a deceptively long range, catching players who dodge too soon. Or the tell is so blatant that it is an easy tell to lure the player into overconfidence.

Cuphead uses this strategy masterfully. Some bosses have attacks with exaggerated windups, prompting players to dodge preemptively, only to be punished by a follow-up attack.

Countering the Telegraph Trap:

Don’t trust your first instinct: Question the obvious.
Observe the entire animation cycle: Look for subtle cues within the telegraph that reveal the true nature of the attack.
Experiment with timing: Don’t be afraid to get hit once or twice to understand the attack’s true range and timing.

Animation Cancels: The Ultimate Feint

Animation canceling is a high-level technique. It gives enemies (or players, depending on the game) the ability to interrupt their attacks mid-animation. This technique adds a layer of unpredictability.

Imagine a fighting game character that starts a powerful, slow attack, only to cancel it and launch into a quick, unexpected combo. This forces the opponent to constantly second-guess their defensive strategy. Guilty Gear is a masterclass in animation cancels, creating a chaotic and unpredictable combat system.

Mastering the Cancel:

Understand the system’s limitations: Not all attacks can be canceled, and cancels often have specific costs (e.g., meter).
Anticipate the opponent’s intentions: Predict when they’re likely to commit to an attack and use the cancel to punish their anticipation.
Mix up your timings: Don’t always cancel at the same point in the animation. Vary your timing to keep your opponent guessing.

Misdirection: The Art of the Double Bluff

Misdirection involves using visual or audio cues to mislead players about an enemy’s intended action.

Imagine a boss fight where the boss roars and slams its fist into the ground. The immediate reaction is to dodge the ground-pound attack, but the attack is an illusion. It is a misdirection for a sweeping tail attack that hits anyone who rolls away. Games like Monster Hunter are filled with monsters that use misdirection to punish hasty reactions.

Seeing Through the Smoke:

Pay attention to the environment: Look for clues in the environment that might hint at the true nature of the attack.
Listen carefully to the audio cues: Sound design often provides subtle hints about an attack’s timing and range.
Be patient: Sometimes, the best defense is to wait and observe before committing to a specific action.

The Unpredictable Enemy: Embracing Pattern Breaks

Even the most complex attack patterns become predictable over time. That’s why pattern breaks are essential.

Introducing subtle variations in enemy behavior keeps players on their toes. Maybe a boss that usually follows a three-hit combo suddenly throws in a fourth attack, or a standard enemy uses a special ability out of nowhere. This unpredictable element keeps combat dynamic and prevents players from relying on rote memorization. Think of the Dancer of the Boreal Valley from Dark Souls 3.

Her erratic movements and unpredictable delays make her one of the most challenging and memorable bosses in the game. The key is to adapt and react.

Adapting to the Chaos:

Avoid autopilot: Don’t fall into the trap of mindlessly repeating the same actions.
Stay focused on the present moment: React to what’s happening now, not what you expect to happen.
Embrace the unexpected: View pattern breaks as opportunities to learn and adapt, not as unfair challenges.

Case Study: Elden Ring’s Margit, the Fell Omen

Elden Ring’s Margit, the Fell Omen, is a perfect example of a boss designed to punish overeager players through relentless fakeouts. He is a master of delays, animation cancels, and misdirection.

His attacks have unpredictable timings, and he frequently uses his hammer to feint, baiting players into attacking at the wrong moment. He even delays the activation of his holy daggers, catching players who roll too early. Margit is a brutal teacher, but he is effective. He forces players to abandon their predictable strategies.

The Pitfalls of Over-Reliance: When Fakeouts Fail

Fakeouts, when poorly implemented, can lead to player frustration. There is a fine line between challenging and unfair. Common mistakes include:

Unreadable telegraphs: If the telegraph for a fakeout is too subtle, players will feel like they’re being cheated.
Inconsistent timings: If the timing of a delayed attack varies wildly, it can be impossible to predict.
Overuse of fakeouts: If every attack is a fakeout, combat becomes exhausting and tedious.
Lack of player agency: If players have no way to react to or avoid a fakeout, it feels like a cheap shot.

The Ethics of Deception: Fairness in Combat

The goal of combat design isn’t to trick the player. The goal is to challenge them. Fakeouts should be used to encourage strategic thinking, not to punish players for simply reacting.

The fakeouts should be fair. Players should have the tools and knowledge to anticipate, react to, and overcome these deceptive tactics. Fair deception respects the player’s intelligence and skill.

Actionable Insights: Implementing Fakeouts in Your Game

If you’re designing combat systems, here are some actionable insights:

Start with clear telegraphs: Ensure that all attacks have clear and readable telegraphs, even if they’re designed to be misleading.
Introduce delays gradually: Don’t overwhelm players with delayed attacks from the beginning. Introduce them gradually as they become more comfortable with the combat system.
Provide counterplay: Give players tools and abilities to counter fakeouts, such as parries, dodges with generous invincibility frames, or abilities that interrupt enemy attacks.
Test, test, test: Get feedback from playtesters and iterate on your fakeout designs based on their experiences.

The Future of Combat: Deeper Deception

As technology advances, combat fakeouts will become even more sophisticated. We’re already seeing examples of AI-driven enemies that learn player behavior and adapt their strategies accordingly.

Imagine enemies that analyze your dodging patterns and adjust their attack timings to punish your habits. Or bosses that use machine learning to predict your next move and counter it preemptively. The future of combat is about creating truly dynamic and unpredictable experiences that challenge players in new and exciting ways.

The Enduring Appeal of the Outsmarted

Ultimately, the appeal of fakeouts lies in the sense of accomplishment that comes from overcoming them. It’s not about reflexes alone; it’s about understanding the enemy, predicting their behavior, and outsmarting them at their own game.

That feeling of intellectual superiority is what makes combat fakeouts so compelling, and it’s why they’ll continue to be a vital part of combat design for years to come. Learning the language of the fakeout is learning the language of intelligent, engaging combat. It is a language worth mastering.